Guides for teacher education

How do developers and owners train generative AI systems?

Do you have safeguards in place to protect yourself from inaccurate information or interactions that could be harmful?

Have you taken into account the AI capabilities, skills, and literacy of all learners?

Is the use of the AI system transparent and does it promote trust and understanding?

Are you aware of the potential limitations of the AI system and have you communicated these to students?

Do you use mechanisms to protect the data of underage students?

Are you aware of the algorithmic biases of the AI system and their effects during the educational process?

Are you in contact with educational centres that use a similar AI system in order to learn about their experiences and share your own?

Does the use of the AI system require the informed consent of individuals in the educational community?

Are you aware of the protections against the possible dissemination of inaccurate or discriminatory content from generative AI systems?

Do you ensure that the AI system does not reproduce unfair biases or discrimination?

When using the AI system, is it ensured that it is suitable for a diversity of profiles, including inclusion and equity among students?

Does the AI system have measures in place to make it accessible and easy to use for all students?

Do you know the detailed information about the data and its source that feeds the AI system?

Does the AI system have security mechanisms in place in case of anomalies that threaten security and fundamental rights?

Is your educational institution aware of or part of associations or entities that promote DEI to advance responsible AI policies?

Are students aware of the level of accuracy and security of the AI system?

Have you established oversight and control mechanisms (internal or external) to ensure that the AI system functions as intended?

Does the use of the AI system enhance the educational experience of students, encouraging critical thinking and creativity?

Have you assessed the potential impacts of the AI system on people’s health, safety and rights?

Does the AI system negatively affect the mental health of students, teachers, or the educational community in general?

If the AI system were used for purposes other than those intended, would it cause harm?

Does the educational community control its exposure and can it revoke its consent without compromising the performance of the AI system?

Could the AI system have risks and vulnerabilities that compromise its security, integrity, and resilience against different forms of attack?

Has the person responsible for the AI system been designated from among the teaching staff?

Have you designated a person from the teaching staff who is legally responsible for the AI system?

Is the person responsible trained and qualified to perform these duties?

Are the limits of human control and involvement in the AI system defined?

Are you aware of your responsibility when integrating the AI system with the aim of improving education and student outcomes?

How do you assess the influence of the AI system on student decision-making?

Have you taken out insurance policies so that, in the event of harm or adverse impact, you can repair or compensate for it?

Are you exaggerating what your AI system can do?

Do you promote the use of the AI system as a support tool and not attribute primary teaching functions to it?

Have you developed a code of ethics for the responsible use of AI?

Have you appointed a data protection officer from among the teaching staff?

Is the person responsible trained and qualified to perform these duties?

Do you control the traceability and access to student data?

Are there mechanisms in place to protect students personal data in accordance with the law?

Have you established mechanisms for requesting the deletion of personal data?

Is the information on consent and revocation understandable and accessible to all students?

Do you use anonymisation and encryption techniques to ensure privacy and protection of personal data in the AI system?

Does data retrieval consist of an access log?

Do you have strategies in place to ensure data privacy and protection in order to support the most disadvantaged groups?

Does the AI system respect and promote independence in decision-making for the entire educational community that uses it?

Does the AI system reduce the number of choices or compel or force decisions?

Do you have measures in place to ensure that students are aware that they are interacting with AI?

Do all students who interact with the AI system have sufficient capacity and information about how it works to be able to interact with it?

Does the AI system pose a threat to students’ academic and personal development?

Is there human supervision of the AI system’s operation?

Does the generative AI system adapt and learn from its environment without compromising safety and ethical standards?

Do you know how sustainability is achieved in AI systems?

Have you considered social access, including the digital divide, in the use and implementation of the AI system?

Does the AI system protect copyright and intellectual property in the dataset used?

Are there measures in place to increase the energy efficiency of the AI system?

What is the average lifespan of the AI system?

Have you explored the use of renewable energy sources and green computing practices in the use of the AI system?

Did you know that the energy and water impact of generative AI tools is increasing?

You need to understand and know what training a generative AI system involves

Prioritise protecting the transparency of the system and do not accept inaccurate information or interactions that are harmful to students.

Computer and technological literacy and skills cannot be a source of inequality. Training in AI is necessary before introducing the use of the system.

Transparency about the functioning and use of the system allows for understanding by the educational community and translates into trust in AI systems.

The AI system must notify users of any limitations it has or may experience so that they can interpret the results in accordance with reality.

When the system interacts with minors, it is necessary to verify their age and, consequently, reinforce the protection mechanisms in place.

The algorithms that make up the AI system include biases from various sources (the large databases that feed them, human interference in programming, and the difficulty of tracking the programmatic elements of the algorithm itself), which has an impact on the educational process.

Establish spaces for interaction and exchange with other educational centres that use the same or similar AI systems in order to share experiences and developments, as well as to plan future actions.

The digital consent of students consists of explaining to them what the AI system is, how it works and the results it produces; and, based on this information, allowing them to freely decide whether they wish to submit to it.

Content generated by a generative AI system must always be checked and verified, as it uses a large amount of data that is difficult to trace and comes from unknown or unclear sources.

There must always be protection against discrimination that students may suffer as a result of AI systems, with the aim of ensuring inclusion and fairness.

The AI system must be accessible to all and must be understandable and adaptable to all requested needs.

The data used by the AI system must be documented with the aim of:

• Avoid bias.
• Obtain results appropriate to the context.
• Respect copyright.

The AI system must provide a clear safety mechanism with regard to the risk it may pose to fundamental rights.

Be familiar with the AI system you intend to use. This means:

• Knowing its accuracy.
• Know the security it requires.
• Knowing the data or risks beyond those anticipated.
• The impact on security and integrity.
• The resilience it will experience in the face of attacks.

The AI system must clearly define the mechanism for monitoring and controlling its operation and results.

The objective of introducing AI systems into education is to improve the learning process. If this is not the case or is unclear, they should not be introduced.

The use of the AI system must not have a negative impact on:

• Health, whether physical or, especially, mental.
• The rights of students.
• The security of the system.

Students must be able to control their exposure to the AI system and revoke their consent whenever they wish without compromising the functioning of the system.

Establish the role of the person responsible for the AI system and the legal representative, who may or may not be the same person, and determine:

• The appointment.
• The duration of the position.
• Define their functions.

It must be very clear:

• The limits of the AI system.
• Human involvement in the system (how, when, and in what way).

Include specific training on artificial intelligence in the annual teacher training programme to ensure their training and responsible use.

Their responsibility in the introduction and use of AI systems means that they must not compromise their involvement or the quality of teaching.

It is important to understand the impact of introducing AI systems on student learning and development. This can be done by analysing the results before and after their integration into education.

Take out insurance policies to cover any civil liability that may arise from the use of the AI system.

Do not exaggerate the hyperbole of AI systems by joining in with the discourse that attributes magical capabilities with unlimited functions to them, as they will never be able to replace your essential functions or skills.

Before using the AI system, develop a code of ethics with the participation of representatives from the entire educational community.

Establish who will be responsible for the data entered into the system and their legal responsibility. In this regard:

• The method of appointment.
• The duration of the position.
• The functions.

The data is processed using encryption or anonymisation techniques, among other options.

According to the regulations, data protection must consist of:

• Establishing control, traceability and access.
• Ensuring understanding of this process.
• Establishing the right to modification and deletion.
• Maintaining an access log of who has accessed the data, when, and for what purpose.

In accordance with current regulations, the data of minors must be subject to enhanced protection.

The use of the AI system must not:

• Minimise students’ independence in decision-making.
• Lead to a reduction in possible options.
• Force or compel certain decisions to be made.

At all times, students must be aware that they are interacting with an AI system and must be informed through mechanisms that ensure their awareness and understanding.

If you have doubts, mistrust, or even consider the impact of the AI system on students’ academic development to be a threat, you should communicate this to the entire educational community.

The AI system requires human supervision to ensure:

• Student autonomy.
• Adaptability to the system.
• Safe and controlled operation for the entire educational community.

The introduction of generative AI must not compromise or jeopardise safety or ethical standards.

In order to introduce an AI system into the educational environment, it is necessary to analyse and guarantee social access to technology for all students.

The AI system must respect the copyright of the data it uses to feed itself.

The AI system must provide for measures to increase energy efficiency.

You should know:

• The useful life of the AI system.
• The economic cost.
• The environmental impact of its maintenance.

Renewable energies and green IT should be explored for powering the AI system.

Be aware of the environmental impact of generative AI systems.